Effect of organic plant nutrient sources on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) productivity and soil fertility under intensive integrated farming system in Meghalaya.

摘要

A field experiment was carried out in an Intensive Integrated Farming System (IIFS) model in Meghalaya, India, during kharif season of 2005 to study the effect of different on farm organic nutrient sources compared to chemical fertilizer on productive performance of groundnut (cv ICGS-76) and on corresponding changes in soil fertility. The effectiveness of six different organic nutrient sources viz. farmyard manure (FYM, to tones/ha), vermicompost (10 tonnes/ha), poultry manure (10 tonnes/ha), pig manure (10 tonnes/ha), goat manure (10 tonnes/ha) and azolla compost (10 tonnes/ha), generated and recycled within the IIF5, were assessed and compared with that of chemical fertilizer. The maximum pod yield (29.46 q/ha) and shelling percentage (79.26) were recorded with application of chemical fertilizer at recommended dose (30:50:40 kg N, P₂O₅, K₂O/ha), which was at par with application of azolla compost at 10 tonnes/ha. Maximum uptake of plant nutrients (58.56 kg N, 28.66 kg P, 36.78 kg K) was also recorded with application of chemical fertilizer at recommended dose. Out of the six different organic nutrient sources tested, azolla compost occupied the first position in terms of uptake of plant nutrients. The superiority of organic nutrient sources was reflected in residual soil fertility status after harvest of the crop. The maximum residual soil nitrogen (282.36 kg/ha) and potash (208.64 kg/ha) content was recorded with application of azolla compost, which was significantly higher than application of chemical fertilizer at recommended dose. Similarly, the maximum residual soil phosphorus content (19.82 kg/ha) recorded under application of poultry manure was also significantly higher than that recorded with application of chemical fertilizer at recommended dose.