CHEMISTRY FOR THE 'INDUSTRIAL CLASSES:' LABORATORY INSTRUCTION, MASS EDUCATION AND WOMEN'S EXPERIENCE IN MID-WESTERN LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, 1870-1914 (1)

摘要

Chemistry is the laboratory science par excellence, as many commentators have affirmed (2). In fact, it was chemists who created the laboratory as a separate, enclosed space devoted only to experimental investigation. In light of that fact, it is surprising that laboratory instruction did not become a standard part of the undergraduate curriculum until several decades into the 19~(th) century in Europe. Once incorporated into the university curriculum, however, laboratory instruction had a momentous impact on chemistry in that century and thereafter.