Bottle Cultivation of Culinary-Medicinal Enokitake Mushroom Flammulina velutipes (W. Curt.: Fr.) Singer (Agaricomycetideae) in Nagano Prefecture (Japan)

摘要

The Enokitake culinary-medicinal mushroom Flammulina veltipes is the most popular bottle cultured mushroom in Japan and production came up to the first rank in Japanese mushrooms at 113,000 tons in 2004. This article presents an easy to follow guide for bottle cultivation of F. velutipes. Bottle cultivation, a methodology well tested technically in Nagano prefecture (Japan), is chosen for growing F. velutipes, a prized edible mushroom of biomedical importance. Details are given for the bottle cultivation, including substrate formulation, types of spawn, inoculation, spawn running and mycelia maturation, treatment for primordial initiation, fruiting, harvesting, and past harvesting.