Management of submacular hemorrhage

摘要

Submacular hemorrhage is generally caused by a breakdown in the blood-retina barrier. Most commonly, this occurs with infiltration of a choroidal neovascular membrane through the Bruch membrane and sometimes through the retinal pigment epithelium. A ruptured retinal arteriolar macroaneurysm can also occasionally lead to blood in the submacular space.The most common etiologies of submacular hemorrhage include wet age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, trauma (including choroidal rupture), retinal arteriolar macroaneurysm, presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome, and high myopia.