A simple mechanical model, which consists of a particular assemblage of elementary units composed of elastic springs and frictional sliding blocks, appears suitable for describing the various aspects of the elastic-plastic behavior of steel bars in standard tensile tests: oscillations in the average stress-strain curve, the distinction between local and global responses, instability due to the transition from an upper to a lower yield point, the spread of plastic deformation, strain-hardening behavior, elastic unloading and the influence of loading-device stiffness. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. [References: 29]
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