Genetic Improvement in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L). Wilzeck] for Yield, Nutrition and Resistance to Stresses - A Review

摘要

Mungbean is an important legume crop of south East Asian countries and is primarily cultivated for dry seed for consumption. In the past range of genetic variability for economic important character has been extensively exploited in breeding programme. Genes for resistance to mungbean yellow mosaic viruses (MYMV), powdery mildew and cercospora leaf spot has been transferred by inter-varietal hybridization, or created by induced mutation (physical and chemical mutagens). Interspecific hybridization ofmungbean with related Vigna species may provide additional gene pool for enrichment of mungbean cultivars for specific characters. Abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, water logging and salinity causes significant amount of loss in economic yield ofmungbean. There is utmost need to understand complex nature of abiotic stresses tolerance and development of high throughput screening techniques for precise identification and selection of tolerance genotypes. Reasonable genetic diversity for protein, iron and zinc has been observed in diverse source ofgermplasm of mungbean and it could be targeted for development of nutrient rich cultivars. Construction of saturated RFLP linkage map has opened scope of mungbean for molecular mapping of several economic important genes and it will augment traditional breeding programme. The development of high-throughput marker such as SSRs and SNPs in related legume crop will accelerate mungbean genomic research in future. Presently it is need of integration of conventional breeding methods with modem innovative breeding technologies in order to achieve the sustaining yield in changing climatic conditions.