The focus of this communication is the development of genetic algorithms to handle material design problems where particulate microstructures are sought which deliver prescribed effective responses. In the problem formulation, constraints are incorporated on the distortion of the otherwise smooth internal fields corresponding to a pure (inhomogeneity-free) matrix material, due to the presence of particles. The key conceptual feature is that the microstructural variables are represented by a "genetic string", and a "survival of the fittest" algorithm is applied to a population of such strings in order to determine an optimal set of microstructural material design parameters.
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