Sexing of spermatozoa

摘要

Biologically, sex can be defined as the aggregation of physiological, functional and psychological differences that distinguishes the organism producing eggs, known as females from those that produce sperms called males. The most plausible reasons for the existence of sex in the animal kingdom is that the phenotypic variability provided by sexual reproduction is essential for the long term survival in a complicated ever changing biotic environment. The sex of the individual is determined by a specific pair of chromosomes known as sex chromosomes. The male have XY chromosomes while female XX chromosomes, the system being reversed in birds. Different methods of separating sperms from semen have been attempted, based on predicted differences between sperm in electric charge, density or motility. Attempts have been made to differentially inactivate sperm, but neither separation nor inactivation technique have had reproducible success (Amman and Seidel, 1982; Betteridge et RAID., 1981; Booman. 1986; Short, 1979).