Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine, 2007. II. Haemodynamics, pneumonia, infections and sepsis, invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome.

摘要

Several devices use pulse pressure to determine stroke volume, with or without calibration. However, pulse pressure can also be influenced by other factors including vascular tone and arterial stiffness. Lamia et al. evaluated the role of arterial stiffness using radial applanation tonometry. This technique extrapolates central aortic pressure from peripheral recordings. Arterial stiffness was determined using a complex analysis of estimated central aortic pressure curve and stroke volume (independently measured by echocardiography). These authors observed that pulse pressure is dependent on stroke volume, and body surface area and, to a lesser extent, to arterial stiffness. In older patients the contribution of arterial stiffness was more prominent. For a given arterial stiffness stroke volume accounts for 49% of stroke volume variability.