Watershed Based Land Management Treatments for Augmenting and Sustaining Water Resources in Different Semi-Arid Regions of India.

摘要

A survey was conducted in 2000-01 in 37 watersheds implemented by different PIAs (NWDPRA, MRD, ICAR, IFW & NGO's). Construction of GW recharges structures such as PTs, CDs, WHSs percolation and recharge wells in different AERs in general and Gujarat in particular formed the strategy. GW recharge in terms of rise in ground water table, surface water resources generated were collected for assessing inter relationships, if any. Due to increased water availability, no of irrigations per crop and crop yields increased considerably in the watersheds. The ground water recharge has close relationship with rainfall, run-off events (rate & volume). Ground water storage component can be further enhanced by selecting percolation tank sites with fractures, fissures and caverns below ground level. Though all PIAs developed water harvesting and aquifer recharge structures in different locations, several of them lost their storage capacity due to lack of maintenance during post-withdrawal period. A plot between surface water resources generated and ground water table rise indicate a positive correlation. The correlation coefficient between rise in GW table and surface water resources generated was observed to be 0.59, which is significant at 1% level.