Effect of temperature on development and fecundity of the predaceous plant bug Deraeocoris brevis reared on Ephestia kuehniella eggs.

摘要

Temperature-dependent development and oviposition component models were developed for Deraeocoris brevis (Uhler) (Hemiptera: Miridae). Egg development times decreased with increasing temperature and ranged from 35.8 d at 15 degrees C to 6.7 d at 32 degrees C. Total development times of nymphs reared on frozen Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs decreased from an estimated 55.6 d at 15 degrees C to 9.2 d at 32 degrees C and 10.0 d at 34.6 degrees C. By fitting linear models to the data the lower developmental threshold temperatures for eggs, small nymphs (1st to 3rd instar), large nymphs (4th to 5th instar), and all nymphs combined were calculated as 10.5, 12.5, 11.8, and 11.9 degrees C, respectively. The thermal constants were 144.1, 90.3, 95.0, and 190.8 degree-days for each of the above stages. The non-linear model was based on a Gaussian equation, which fit the relationship between development rate and temperature well for all stages. The Weibull function provided a good fit for the distribution of development times of each stage. Adult longevity decreased with increasing temperature and ranged from 52.9 d at 21.7 to 16.8 d at 32.0 degrees C. D. brevis had a maximum fecundity of 471 eggs per female at 24 degrees C, which declined to 191 eggs per female at 32 degrees C. Also, three temperature-dependent components for an oviposition model of D. brevis were developed including models for total fecundity, age-specific cumulative oviposition rate, and age-specific survival rate..