Global attractor for a nonlinear oscillator coupled to the Klein-Gordon field

摘要

The long-time asymptotics is analyzed for all finite energy solutions to a model U(1)-invariant nonlinear Klein - Gordon equation in one dimension, with the non-linearity concentrated at a single point: each finite energy solution converges as t -> +/-infinity to the set of all "nonlinear eigenfunctions" of the form psi(x) e(- i omega t). The global attraction is caused by the nonlinear energy transfer from lower harmonics to the continuous spectrum and subsequent dispersive radiation. We justify this mechanism by the following novel strategy based on inflation of spectrum by the nonlinearity. We show that any omega-limit trajectory has the time spectrum in the spectral gap [- m, m] and satisfies the original equation. This equation implies the key spectral inclusion for spectrum of the nonlinear term. Then the application of the Titchmarsh convolution theorem reduces the spectrum of each omega-limit trajectory to a single harmonic.. [- m, m]. The research is inspired by Bohr's postulate on quantum transitions and Schrodinger's identification of the quantum stationary states to the nonlinear eigenfunctions of the coupled U( 1)- invariant Maxwell - Schrodinger and Maxwell - Dirac equations.