Recurrence of beta-thalassemia major more than 20 years after HLA-identical sibling BMT treated successfully with donor lymphocyte infusion.

摘要

Allogeneic BMT remains the only curative treatment for major P-thalassemia. Early graft failure and persistent mixed chimerism are not uncommon after BMT, but late recurrence of P-thalassemia is rare, with only a few cases having been treated successfully with a second transplant. Although donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is an effective treatment for late recurrence of some hematological malignancies after allogeneic BMT, DLI has only been reported in few cases for early graft failure in thalassemia.We report a case of late recurrent P-thalassemia major successfully treated with DLI 23 years after BMT. The patient signed institutional review board-approved consent to allow his medical records to be used for research. A 2.5-year-old boy received BMT from his HLA-identical ABO-mismatched sister with beta-thalassemia minor after conditioning with BU (14mg/kg) and CY (200mg/kg).