Development of Structurally Diverse N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands via Palladium-Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Arylation of Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic Acid

摘要

A series of fused non-classical normal N-heterocyclic carbenes, Pyrpy-NHC precursors derived from pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines, has been prepared using palladium-copper-catalyzed decarboxylative arylation of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid. Air-stable palladium and rhodium complexes of these ligands have been synthesized via mild transmetallation of Ag-Pyrpy-NHC. The structural properties of Rh(Pyrpy-NHC)(COD) Cl complexes were determined via X-ray analysis. The measurement of the CO stretching frequencies of dicarbonyl Rh-Pyrpy-NHC complexes revealed that the electron donating strength of Pyrpy-NHC could be tuned by varying the substituents of the aryl group. A catalytic study of the Pd-Pyrpy-NHC complexes revealed promising activity in the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction under ambient atmospheric conditions.