The Pollution Status along the Red Sea:A Review

摘要

The Red Sea has been expected to be unpolluted marine environment, but during last ten years of twenty century till now, inorganic and organic pollutants has been detected in many sites. The pollution investigations along this sea used water, sediment, and biota samples were discussed. They found that almost the contamination of site was directly affected by the proximity to the anthropogenic activities including, industrial, agricultural, domestic, sewage as well as shipment processes. Also, the held coastal construction and dredging processes have many effects on its marine ecosystem. Variable methods for determining the quality of the sediment samples and their ecological effect such as: Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo)， Sediment Enrichment Factor(SEF), Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) methods were made. Moreover, different statistical methods using the multivariate analysis were performed. The pollution state of heavy metals in this area was investigated by comparing with different international sediment guideline limits. The previous studies directed to the urgent treatment of the disposal of hazardous materials before fluxing into aquatic environments.