Current bases of antibiotic therapy:Rapid diagnosis,new methods,innovations

摘要

This review has described new concepts and new technologies which have a significant impact on antibiotic therapy in all aspects.Methods.-Successive steps in clinical,biological and various additional diagnostic methods are described as they are supposed to lead to an appropriate antibiotic therapy.The choice of treatment must also be discussed in terms of pharmacologic,ecologic and economic criteria,the two latter criteria having acquired importance nowadays.Discussion.-Microbiologic techniques are particularly documented in the review,since identification of the pathogen remains an essential step in decision making for antibiotic therapy.These techniques have significantly evolved and technologic development has resulted in increased reliability and rapidity to provide the results to clinicians,permitting an earlier appropriate treatment.Automatic systems have been developed for blood cultures,bacterial identification,the latter being generally associated with antibiogram.Many in vitro new systems,as resulting from the development of molecular biology,are increasingly used for bacterial gene identifications and even resistance genes as well.Such development is promising as being less expensive,easier to be manipulated by larger numbers of personnels,and having important industrial,social and medical impact.Conclusion.-The fate of infectious diseases has changed thanks to the development of many innovative methods for clinical and biological diagnosis and management,leading to antibiotic therapy which is well documented,appropriate to the disease and less expensive.