#63 Cancer incidence in the u. s. radiologic technologists health study, 1983-1998.

摘要

PURPOSE: Few studies have evaluated cancer risk associated with low-dose occupational ionizing radiation exposure to women. We present data on incident cancer risks among a predominantly (77%) female cohort of 73,963 U. S. radiologic technologists followed up from 1983 through 1998.METHODS: Cancer incidence information and data on work history, selected cancer risk factors, personal radiation exposure and other health outcomes were obtained from two mailed questionnaires (administered ~1984 and ~1995). Incident cancers were ascertained from the second survey and supplemented by mortality records. Medical records, obtained for 74% of all self-reported cancers, confirmed the cancer in 85%. We computed standardized incidence ratios (SIR) using cancer incidence rates from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program.RESULTS: The SIR for all cancers combined in both sexes was 1.04 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.07; n = 3292). The incidence of solid cancers was elevated in women (SIR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10), but lower than expected among men (SIR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.85, 0.98). Female technologists had an elevated incidence of breast cancer (SIR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.23). Among both sexes combined, elevated risks were seen for melanoma (SIR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.38, 1.80) and thyroid cancers (SIR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.34, 1.88), and decreased risks were observed for buccal cavity/pharynx (SIR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.90), rectum (SIR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.76), and lung (SIR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.85) cancers.CONCLUSION: The elevated risk for breast cancer may be related to occupational radiation exposure. The observed melanoma and thryoid cancer excesses may reflect, at least in part, increased screening among medical workers with easy access to health care.