Breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes amongst undergraduate students reflects lack of content in curricula

摘要

Background: The Australian National Breastfeeding Strategy calls for an increase in health professionals with adequate, evidence-based breastfeeding education and training. Education is considered a key action area for increasing the proportion of babies exclusively breastfed at 6 months. Dietitians, nurses and pharmacists are well-placed to support and promote breastfeeding in many contexts. However, evidence suggests these professions are not adequately prepared. Aims: To assess breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of undergraduate students in the disciplines of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nursing and Pharmacy; investigate expectations of staff regarding graduate knowledge and skills and explore existing curricular opportunities for learning about breastfeeding. Methods: A mixed-methods study design was used. Undergraduate students enrolled in relevant degrees at an Australian University completed an online survey assessing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs using previously validated instruments. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine staff. Frequency of survey responses and coding of interview transcripts were analysed using a convergence triangulation method. Results: The survey was completed by 234 students (n = 48 nutrition, n = 41 pharmacy, n = 144 nursing). Across disciplines, students reported low knowledge levels. Only 13% reported feeling confident meeting the needs of breastfeeding mothers. Attitudes about breastfeeding in public were positive, but 28% agreed formula feeding is more convenient than breastfeeding. Staff perceived their professions as having an important role and expected graduates to support breastfeeding. However, in crowded curricula, opportunities for learning were minimal. Conclusion: Students hold positive attitudes but knowledge and confidence are low. This is consistent with lack of curricular opportunities to develop skills to support breastfeeding.