Biotechnological methods of propagation for somerare endemic plant species of the southern Russian flora

摘要

Preservation of the gene pool of regional flora rare species is especially relevant Particularly, the relict endemic species of the southern Russian flora have so far remained almost unexplored. These species are rare and endangered, however many of them are rich in bioactive compounds. In nature, they are represented only by some fragmented populations for which renewal is very slow. Some characteristics of the in vitro growth conditions were revealed in the following relic endemic species: Heracleum Hgusticifolium M. Bieb., Lagoseris calllcephala Juz., L. purpurea L., Lamium glaberrimum (K. Koch) Taliev, Scrophularia exilis Popl., Silene jailensis N.I. Rubtzov. The morphogenetic capacity of various explants types was studied and methods for micropropagation of relict endemic species in vitro (embryoculture, tissue and organ culture) had been developed. The main ways of morphogenesis in relict endemic species of the southern Russian flora that we studied, cultured in vitro were first revealed: direct regeneration via adventitious shoot formation and indirect regeneration via somatic embryogenesis. It was demonstrated that MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L1 BAP, 0.1 mg L1 IBA and 0.1 mg L1 GA3 significantly increased regeneration efficiency inthe studied species. Physiological assessment of rare species organs and tissues under in vitro culture demonstrated their high adaptive ability.