Identification of surface films formed on graphite anode in lithium rechargeable battery

摘要

The surface of a graphite electrode in a lithium rechargeable battery after charge and discharge was analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection (ATR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Li{sub}2CO{sub}3 and LiF were formed on the surface of the graphite electrode during first charge. These compounds remained on the surface of the graphite electrode without dissolving after the following discharge. XRD result revealed that graphite has an ability of reversible change in structure during charge and discharge.