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Premature heading of extremely early rice cultivar 'tosapika ' - Condition of occurrence and related factors [Japanese]

机译:超早期水稻品种“Tosapika”的过早标题 - 发生的条件及相关因素[日文]

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摘要

In 1998, premature heading occurred in the farmer's field of the extremely early rice cultivar 'Tosapika' bred in Kochi Prefecture. According to the survey of interview with the farmers at the middle part of Kochi Prefecture, the occurrence of the premature heading was observed in early May, although the frequency varied among fields. In these fields, 100-160 g air-dried seeds were sown per box and grown under the vinyl house without heating during hardening period, and 22-34-day-old seedlings were transplanted with a rice transplanter from March 31 to April 16. The temperature before and after transplanting might be one of the factors related to premature heading, because the temperature during the seedling-raising period and after transplanting was unusually high. The prematurely headed plants were morphologically characterized by smaller number (about 4) of the leaves on the main culm, shorter lengths of culm and panicle, as compared with the normally headed ones. Brown rice yield varied from 206 to 541 g m(-2) among the fields, depending on the occurrence frequency of premature heading in the field. In some of the plants prematurely headed in 2001, particle internode did not elongate sufficiently and the panicles with bract leaves at the neck nodes appeared from the leaf sheaths. In some plants, young panicles ceased their growth even though the flag leaves expanded normally. In the field with premature heading, the effective cumulative temperature (ECT, base temp. 10degreesC) from seeding to premature heading were 469-543degreesC days, and that from seeding to transplanting of seedlings (3.4-4.4 leaf age) was 253-351degreesC days. On the other hand, the ECT from seeding to heading in the normally headed plants were over 800degreesC days irrespective of cropping years, seedling types and transplanting times. Thus the heading period of normal panicles was longer than that of the prematurely heading particles.
机译:1998年,农民领域发生了早期稻草“托萨卡·托萨卡”的早产权。根据Kochi县中间部分采访的调查,可能在5月初观察到过早标题的发生,尽管频率在田间变化。在这些领域,每盒100-160g风干种子播种,在乙烯基房子下生长,在硬化期间没有加热,将22-34天的幼苗从3月31日至4月16日使用水稻移植仪移植。移植前后的温度可能是与过早出头相关的因素之一,因为幼苗期间的温度和移植后异常高。与常椎间盘相比,过早的头部植物在主秆上的较小数(约4)叶,较短的秆和胰穗的形态学。棕色稻米产量在田间中的206到541g m(-2)变化,具体取决于现场过早标题的发生频率。在2001年过早前进的一些植物中,粒子间节体没有充分伸长,并且在颈部节点处具有苞片叶片的面膜出现。在一些植物中,年轻的圆锥也停止了它们的生长,即使旗叶正常扩张。在现场在具有过早的出头的领域,从播种到过早出版的有效累积温度(ECT,基础温度)为469-543degreesc天,并且从播种到幼苗移植(3.4-4.4叶年龄)为253-351degreesc天。另一方面,从播种到常凸起的植物中的ECT超过800degreesc日,而不管苗数,幼苗类型和移植时间如何。因此,正常圆锥的标题时间长于过早前线颗粒的前期。

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