Non‐severe hypoglycaemia is associated with weight gain in patients with type 1 diabetes: Results from the Diabetes Control and Complication Trial

摘要

It is unclear whether the frequent non‐severe episodes of hypoglycaemia observed during intensive glucose control in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are associated with subsequent weight gain. We analysed the association between non‐severe hypoglycaemia and weight gain in 1441 Diabetes Control and Complication Trial (DCCT) participants. Non‐severe hypoglycaemia was assessed by hypo‐score (ie, number of blood glucose values 70 mg/dL divided by the total number of measurements during the DCCT quarterly visits). Significant associations were observed between the hypo‐score and annual and total weight gain. The annual weight gain by hypo‐score tertiles was 0.8 ± 1.2 (T1), 1.3 ± 1.5 (T2) and 1.4 ± 1.3 kg/y (T3), P .001 for T2 and T3 vs T1, and for T3 vs T2. The odds ratio for a weight gain of 1.8 kg/y was 2.14 (95% CI, 1.56‐2.93) for T2, and 2.53 (95%CI, 1.85‐3.45) for T3 vs T1. These differences in weight gain and in risk of weight gain remained significant after adjustment for sex, age, duration of diabetes, HbA1c at baseline and treatment arms. In conclusion, our analysis shows a significant association between non‐severe hypoglycaemia and weight gain in individuals with T1D from the DCCT.