Consideration of particle wave diffraction to enhance spacecraft radiation shielding

摘要

Recent advances in atomic microscopy and interferometry have made evident the possibility that the wave-like behavior of Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) particle radiation and its secondary emissions can be exploited by diffraction through passive shielding materials to reduce the harmful impact to humans and equipment traveling in deep space. This research examines an additional physical mechanism to the well accepted "stopping power" and "nuclear collision" processes determined by the Bethe-Bloch and Bradt-Peters equations, in order to enhance shielding effectiveness: that the wave-like behavior of GCR radiation and its secondary emissions can be used to reduce the harmful impact of the radiation. Thus, it is shown theoretically possible to passively alter the path of some GCR particle radiation by diffraction, thereby directing them laterally and presenting the possibility that diffraction "safe zones" could be created behind a shielding material that may enhance its effectiveness. Preliminary analysis indicates the best application may be in shielding dangerous neutron secondary emissions. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.