Changes in the content of plastid pigments in above-ground biomass of annual and perennial forage grasses after herbicides application

摘要

During the period 2014-2016, at the Institute of Forage Crops - Pleven was conducted field trials to establish the selectivity of herbicides Axial One, Akurat 60 WG, Pacifica, Alai Max, Eagle 75 WG and Basis 75 DF at perennial forage grasses Lolium perenne L, Dactylis glomerata L, Festuca arundinacea Schreb and Agropyron desertorum (Fisch.) Schultes and Lumax 538 SC, Laudis OD, Stellar 210 SL, Equip SK, Pacifica, Axill One, Korello Duo, Corrida 75 VDG; Axial and Dikopur F in Sorghum sudanense Piper Stapf. applied at growth stage tillering for perennial grasses and second leaves in Sudan grass.It was found that the selectivity of the herbicides and the plastid pigments content in above-ground biomass of test annual and perennial forage grasses showed a trend of reduction (up to 74.7%), the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) at a degree of inhibition (Ri) ranges from -1.0 to -5.5.The total chlorophyll content was increased 21 days after the administration of Acrust 60 WG at a dose of 1.0 g/da in A. desertorum and Axial One at a dose of 100.0 ml /da for D. glomerata (15.9 to 18.2%) and carotenoids (from 1.3 to 20.9%) versus control treatments.Statistically significant negative correlations between the content of Photosynthetic plastid pigmentsand and visual evaluation scores for phytotoxicity (EWRS) based on applied herbicides in annual and pereannual cereal forage crops as follows: L perenne-0.567; 0. glomerata -0.701; F. arundinaceae -0.957; A. desertorum -0.703 and S. sudanense 0.740 were establishedThe experimental results obtained showed that the determination of the photosynthetic pigments content on 21 days after treatment with herbicide can be used as a test for evaluation of the selectivity of post-emergent herbicides in the annual and perennial cereal forage crops tested.