Multicomponent Lifestyle Interventions for Treating Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

摘要

Background. Treatment of childhood obesity is important in preventing development of obesity-related diseases later in life. This systematic review evaluates the effect of multicomponent lifestyle interventions for children and adolescents from 2 to 18 years. Methods and Results. We performed systematic searches in nine databases. Thirty-nine studies met the criteria for meta-analyses. We found a significant difference in body mass index (BMI) after 6 months (MD ?0.99 (95% CI ?1.36 to ?0.61)), 12 months (MD ?0.67 (95% CI ?1.01 to ?0.32)), and 24 months (MD ?0.96 (95% CI ?1.63 to ?0.29)) in favour of multicomponent lifestyle interventions compared to standard, minimal, and no treatment. We also found a significant difference in BMI Z scores after 6 months (MD ?0.12 (95% CI ?0.17 to ?0.06)), 12 months (MD ?0.16 (95% CI ?0.21 to ?0.11)), and 24 months (MD ?0.16 (95% CI ?0.21 to ?0.10)) in favour of multicomponent lifestyle interventions. Subgroup analyses suggested an increased effect in specialist health care with a group treatment component included in the intervention. Conclusion. Multicomponent lifestyle interventions have a moderate effect on change in BMI and BMI Z score after 6, 12, and 24 months compared with standard, minimal, and no treatment.