International Humanitarian Law and Cyber-Influence Operations

摘要

Cyber-influence and 'fake news' have become common terms due to high profile incidents such as alleged tampering in the 2016 US elections. The majority of academic studies of cyber-influence operations focus on mechanisms to conduct them or the security and societal impact thereof and fail to consider the legal perspectives of employing or mitigating cyber-influence operations. This paper identifies the common components and techniques of online influence, and provides a legal discussion based on regulatory documents and studies, including international humanitarian law and proposed international norms.