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Interactions between host sex and age of exposure modify the virulence–transmission trade‐off

机译：宿主性和暴露年龄之间的相互作用改变了毒力传播权衡

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Abstract > The patterns of immunity conferred by host sex or age represent two sources of host heterogeneity that can potentially shape the evolutionary trajectory of disease. With each host sex or age encountered, a pathogen's optimal exploitative strategy may change, leading to considerable variation in expression of pathogen transmission and virulence. To date, these host characteristics have been studied in the context of host fitness alone, overlooking the effects of host sex and age on the fundamental virulence–transmission trade‐off faced by pathogens. Here, we explicitly address the interaction of these characteristics and find that host sex and age at exposure to a pathogen affect age‐specific patterns of mortality and the balance between pathogen transmission and virulence. When infecting age‐structured male and female Daphnia magna with different genotypes of Pasteuria ramosa , we found that infection increased mortality rates across all age classes for females, whereas mortality only increased in the earliest age class for males. Female hosts allowed a variety of trade‐offs between transmission and virulence to arise with each age and pathogen genotype. In contrast, this variation was dampened in males, with pathogens exhibiting declines in both virulence and transmission with increasing host age. Our results suggest that differences in exploitation potential of males and females to a pathogen can interact with host age to allow different virulence strategies to coexist, and illustrate the potential for these widespread sources of host heterogeneity to direct the evolution of disease in natural populations. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：ID =“JEB13237-ABS-ABS-0001”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> >主体性赋予的免疫模式或年龄代表两个宿主异质性来源，其可能塑造疾病的进化轨迹。遇到每种宿主或年龄，病原体最佳的剥削策略可能会发生变化，导致病原体传播和毒力表达相当大的变化。迄今为止，已经在宿主健身的背景下研究了这些宿主特征，忽略了宿主性和年龄对病原体面临的基本毒力传播权的影响。在这里，我们明确地解决了这些特征的相互作用，并发现其暴露于病原体的宿主性和年龄影响年龄特异性的死亡率和病原体传播和毒力之间的平衡。当用巴氏杀菌ramosa的不同基因型感染年龄结构的男性和女性 Daphnia magna </ i>，我们发现感染增加了女性所有年龄级的死亡率，而死亡率仅增加男性最早的年龄课。雌性主持人允许各种权衡在传播和毒力之间出现，并且每年和病原体基因型都会产生。相比之下，这种变异抑制在雄性中，病原体表现出毒力和传播的下降随着宿主年龄的增加。我们的研究结果表明，雄性和女性对病原体的剥削潜力的差异可以与宿主相互作用，以允许不同的毒力策略共存，并说明这些宿主异质性的潜力，以指导天然群体中疾病的演变。 </ p> </ abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-34394/'>《Journal of evolutionary biology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第3期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共10页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Gipson S. A. Y.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Gipson S. A. Y.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Hall M. D.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Hall M. D.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Geometric BiologyMonash UniversityMelbourne Vic. Australia;</p> <p>School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Geometric BiologyMonash UniversityMelbourne Vic. Australia;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/173.html" title="普通生物学">普通生物学;</a><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1283.html" title="生物演化与发展">生物演化与发展;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=age‐structured interactions&option=203" rel="nofollow">age‐structured interactions;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=genotype‐by‐environment interactions&option=203" rel="nofollow">genotype‐by‐environment interactions;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=host–pathogen interactions&option=203" rel="nofollow">host–pathogen interactions;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=optimal virulence&option=203" rel="nofollow">optimal virulence;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=sexual dimorphism&option=203" rel="nofollow">sexual dimorphism;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=virulence–transmission trade‐off&option=203" rel="nofollow">virulence–transmission trade‐off;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：年龄结构的相互作用;基因型 - 逐次相互作用;宿主病原体相互作用;最佳毒力;性别二态;毒力传播权; </div> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">入库时间</span> <span>2022-08-20 09:14:27</span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704025533314.html">Interactions between host sex and age of exposure modify the virulence–transmission trade‐off</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Gipson S. 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href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=许仲曼&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,许仲曼</a> <span> <a href="/conference-cn-8425/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 中国畜牧兽医学会动物传染病学分会第十二次人兽共患病学术研讨会暨第六届第十四次教学专业委员会会议 </a> <span> <span> . 2012</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>7. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-degree-domestic_mphd_thesis/02031595723.html">胚胎晚期母体暴露细菌脂多糖加速CD-1小鼠海马依赖性行为年龄相关性改变</a> <b>[A] </b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=陶飞&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 陶飞</a> <span> . 2010</span> </span> </div> </li> </ul> <ul style="display: none;"> <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06120113551115.html">高通量鉴定病原菌与宿主分子之间的相互作用的方法</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 中国专利： CN113584117A </span> <span> . 2021-11-02</span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06120100421219.html">抗微生物季化合物和阴离子表面活性剂之间的相互作用</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 中国专利： CN109475125A </span> <span> . 2019-03-15</span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>3. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130461873166.html">A PROCESS FOR MODIFYING THE CONDITIONS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN SENSITIVE CELLS OF A HOST AND A PATHOGENIC AGENT FOR THE USE OF DINITRO-TRINITROFENYL AND ITS DERIVATIVES OR ANTI-NITROPHENYL ANTIBODIES</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  PT88889B </span> <span> . 1993-05-31</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：修饰宿主和致病剂敏感细胞之间相互作用的条件，以使用二硝基-三氟苯及其衍生物或抗硝基苯抗体 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130467503768.html">A PROCESS FOR MODIFYING THE CONDITIONS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN SENSITIVE CELLS OF A HOST AND A PATHOGENIC AGENT FOR THE USE OF DINITRO-TRINITROFENYL AND ITS DERIVATIVES OR ANTI-NITROPHENYL ANTIBODIES</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  PT88889A </span> <span> . 1989-07-31</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：修饰宿主和致病剂敏感细胞之间相互作用的条件，以使用二硝基-三氟苯及其衍生物或抗硝基苯抗体 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130467023739.html">APPLICATION OF DINITRO-TRINITROPHENYL AND ITS DERIVATIVES OR ANTI-NITROPHENYL ANTIBODIES TO MODIFYING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN SENSITIVE HOST CELLS AND A PATHOGENIC AGENT</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  FR2622444A1 </span> <span> . 1989-05-05</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：二硝基三苯并菲及其衍生物或抗亚硝基苯抗体在修饰寄主细胞与致病因子相互作用中的应用 </span> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="theme 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