Forest Ecosystem Services in the System of Sustainable Forest Use of Sparsely Forested Regions of Russia

摘要

Ecosystem functions of forests include such ecosystem services and normal favorable water regime of rivers, containment of surface erosion, population?s health protection and many irreplaceable productive benefits of forest. Due to the fact that ecosystem functions of forests ensure the quality of environment not only at national but regional and local (landscape) levels, the study of potential of protection forests is performed from the position of the most direct or indirect satisfaction of population?s needs. Analysis of practice of forest use of sparsely forested regions shows that conduct of forestry in protection forests does not fully ensure the support for their targeted protection functions. For the purpose of improving the situation, the main directions for perfection of normative and legal regulations and use of protection forests are offered. It is determined that despite the use of forests of sparsely forested area for logging, entrepreneurs are also interested in organization of hunting farms and recreation activities. It is proved that recreation use of the forests has clear public character a large part is presented for provision of scientific and educational and research activities, therefore, ecosystem services in sparsely forested region do exist. The state of forest ecosystems of sparsely forested region aggravates due to increase of anthropogenic load. Thus, efforts of publics and regional authorities should be aimed at stimulation of the processes of ecosystem services budgeting. It would be possible to preserve forest ecosystems of sparsely forested region only by means of additional financing, including from provision of ecosystem services.