Economics of Bt cotton in Haryana vis-a-vis Tamil Nadu

摘要

The present study was conducted to study the economics of Bt cotton in Haryana vis-a-vis Tamil Nadu. The primary data were collected from 120 farmers i.e. 60 each from Haryana and Tamil Nadu acted as ultimate unit of the sample while the secondary data on area, production and productivity were pertained to the periods 1986-87 to 2015-16 was collected from various government publications. The area, production and productivity of cotton in Haryana and Tamil Nadu increase with average compound growth rates of 6.29 and 4.33 per cent / annum and 3.07 and 2.09 per cent / annum, 3.68 and -3.03 per cent / annum, respectively from the period 1986-1987 to 2015-2016 but area shows negative trend (-3.03 %) in case of Tamil Nadu. The comparative analysis of Bt cotton calculated for the crop year 2015 showed that / acre cost of cultivation varied between 35890 and 31736 in Haryana and Tamil Nadu, respectively. But due to yield variation among the two states, the significant difference in / unit cost of production was observed. It varied between 5836 and 4492 in Haryana and Tamil Nadu, respectively. Net return / acre of Bt cotton is -8000 and 1376 in Haryana and Tamil Nadu, respectively.Per acre input utilization revealed that the use of bullock labour was observed more on small farmers followed by medium farmers and large farmers where as the usage of machine labour was found to be more on large farmers followed by medium and small farmers. The yield gap analysis revealed that the economic losses were found relatively higher in case of Haryana when compared to Tamil Nadu due to wide gap existed between potential yield, highest yield attained on farm and the average actual yield. The main production constraints noticed were non availability of adequate good quality seed, non availability of labour, poor quality insecticides/pesticides, unfavourable climatic conditions and lack of technical knowledge. The main marketing constraints were low price of Bt cotton produce, high regulation of market intermediates and lack of extension and marketing services.