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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology >Enzymatic detoxification: a sustainable means of degrading toxic organophosphate pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents
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Enzymatic detoxification: a sustainable means of degrading toxic organophosphate pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents

机译：酶解毒：可持续的降解有毒有机磷杀虫剂和化学战神神经剂的手段

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Abstract > Organophosphorus (OP) compounds are highly toxic molecules mainly used as pesticides. OP compounds also include nerve gases used in the past as chemical warfare agents and collectively OP pesticides and nerve gases are referred to as nerve agents (NA). An intensive, widespread use of pesticides since the 20th century has resulted in the emergence of an urgent global issue concerning both environment and human health. In addition, past terroristic acts and the recent dramatic events in Syria highlighted more than ever the need to explore applicable strategies for the sensing, decontamination and detoxification of these compounds in stored bulks, on critical surfaces and media (food, water and air) and for <fi>in vivo</fi> prophylaxes and therapies. > OP compounds, act as covalent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the nerve system of vertebrates, thus posing a substantial threat to the ecosystem. In order to address a strong demand for the establishment of an environmental monitoring system and remediation process for NA, an increasing number of studies have been focused on the enzymatic degradation <fi>in vitro</fi> . Use of enzymes for detoxification and decontamination of toxic NA could provide a long‐term benefit as it is environmentally friendly compared with conventional methods such as chemical treatments and incineration. This review presents an overview of the current state of enzymatic detoxification research against NA. This includes the detailed characterization and protein engineering for the improvement in NA‐degrading activities of such enzymes. Research on biosensors for NA detection and identification, although important in the field, has not been treated in this review. Instead special attention has been paid to the Phosphotriest </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><abstract xmlns =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <title type =“main”>抽象</ title> >有机磷（ OP）化合物是主要用作杀虫剂的高毒性分子。 OP化合物还包括过去使用的神经气体作为化学战剂和集体op农药和神经气体被称为神经剂（NA）。自20世纪以来的密集，广泛使用农药导致了有关环境和人类健康的紧急全球问题的出现。此外，过去的恐怖主义行为和叙利亚最近的戏剧性事件突出了更多，以探索在储存的肿块中对这些化合物的感测，去污和排毒的适用策略，在临界表面和培养基（食品，水和空气）和对于vivo </ fi>预防和疗法的<fi>。 Ap化合物，作为脊椎动物神经系统中乙酰胆碱酯酶（疼痛）的共价抑制剂，从而对生态系统构成了大量威胁。为了解决对NA的环境监测系统和修复过程的强烈需求，越来越多的研究已经集中在酶促降解中</ Fi>。使用酶用于排毒和毒性Na的净化可以提供长期益处，因为与诸如化学处理和焚烧的常规方法相比，它与环境友好相比。本综述概述了对NA的当前酶解毒研究状态。这包括详细表征和蛋白质工程，用于改善这种酶的Na降解活性。在该领域重要的NA检测和识别生物传感器的研究尚未在本次审查中进行治疗。相反，经过特别关注的是最重要的 </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-33908/'>《Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第8期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共19页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Manco Giuseppe&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Manco Giuseppe;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Porzio Elena&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Porzio Elena;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Suzumoto Yoko&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Suzumoto Yoko;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP)National Research Council (CNR)Naples Italy;</p> <p>Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP)National Research Council (CNR)Naples Italy;</p> <p>Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP)National Research Council (CNR)Naples Italy;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/180.html" title="生物工程学（生物技术）">生物工程学（生物技术）;</a><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/20827.html" title="生物化学过程">生物化学过程;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=organophosphate compounds&option=203" rel="nofollow">organophosphate compounds;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=pesticides&option=203" rel="nofollow">pesticides;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=nerve agents&option=203" rel="nofollow">nerve agents;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=phosphotriesterases&option=203" rel="nofollow">phosphotriesterases;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=phosphatriesterase‐like lactonases (PLLs)&option=203" rel="nofollow">phosphatriesterase‐like lactonases (PLLs);</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=molecular evolution&option=203" rel="nofollow">molecular evolution;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=enzymatic detoxification/remediation&option=203" rel="nofollow">enzymatic detoxification/remediation;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：有机磷酸盐化合物;杀虫剂;神经剂;磷酸三元酶;磷脂磷酸酶样酶（PLLS）;分子进化;酶促排毒/修复; 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