Apalutamide: A Review in Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

摘要

Apalutamide (marketed as Erleada (R)) is an oral non-steroidal next-generation selective inhibitor of the androgen receptor (AR), and is approved in several countries, including the USA and those of the EU, for the treatment of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). In men with nmCRPC who were receiving androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and had a high risk of metastases in SPARTAN, apalutamide significantly prolonged metastasis-free survival (MFS) compared with placebo, with consistent benefits demonstrated across subgroups. The addition of apalutamide to ongoing ADT significantly prolonged time to metastasis and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with placebo, and maintained health-related quality of life (HR-QOL). Apalutamide was generally well tolerated in SPARTAN, with fatigue being the most frequently reported adverse event. Given the available evidence, apalutamide with ongoing ADT represents an emerging treatment option for patients with nmCRPC who are at high risk of developing metastatic disease.