A systematic review on ear anthropometry and its industrial design applications

摘要

Abstract >Ergonomics is extensively studied to provide a scientific understanding of humans’ physical and cognitive use of products and workplaces. Ergonomics of the external ear is crucial for the industrial design of various ear‐related products. For this review, 50 articles regarding ear anthropometry and its applications in product design that met determined inclusion criteria were selected after searching four databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct. Previous anthropometric information acquired with traditional measurement, photogrammetric method, and three dimensional (3D) anthropometric techniques (photogrammetry, magnetic resonance imaging, computerized tomography, 3D scanning, and ear impression). Those studies demonstrated that demographic factors, including age, ethnicity, gender, and ear symmetry, should be considered when designing for specific markets. Ear sizes kept growth throughout the entire lifetime. Results also showed that males had larger ear sizes than females in most populations. Most of linear, area, and ratio dimensions showed a good symmetry between left and right ears, while angular dimensions tended to be nonsymmetric. Differences in anthropometric findings existed among Asian, Western, and African populations. Hence, there is a need to establish more universal anthropometric databases for different ethnicities to meet the development of product form and function. Furthermore, fit and comfort perception was important to be examined for product design, which can be studied through questionnaire on comfort perception, analysis online comments of consumers, and virtual fit analysis. With a comprehensive presentation of literature, future research opportunities were inspired from the perspective of industrial design. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> >人体工程学广泛研究，为人类的物理和认知使用产品和工作场所提供科学了解。外耳的人体工程学对于各种耳朵相关产品的工业设计至关重要。对于本次综述，在搜索四个数据库之后选择了有关耳朵人体测量法及其在符合确定的纳入标准的产品设计中的50篇文章，包括Scopus，Scopus，PubMed和Science Direct。以传统的测量，摄影测量方法和三维（3D）人类测量技术（摄影测量，磁共振成像，计算机断层扫描，3D扫描和耳朵印象）获得了先前的人类测量信息。这些研究表明，在为特定市场设计时，应考虑人口因素，包括年龄，种族，性别和耳对称性。耳朵大小在整个寿命中保持增长。结果还表明，男性在大多数人群中的雌性比女性更大。大多数线性，面积和比率尺寸在左耳和右耳之间显示出良好的对称性，而角尺寸倾向于非对称。亚洲，西方和非洲人口中存在人类测量结果的差异。因此，需要为不同的种族建立更全面的人体计量数据库，以满足产品形式和功能的发展。此外，适合和舒适的感知对于产品设计是重要的，可以通过对舒适感染的问卷调查，分析消费者的在线评论以及虚拟拟合分析来研究。随着文献的全面演示，未来的研究机会是从工业设计的角度启发的。</ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-32935/'>《Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2020年第3期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共19页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1730.html" title="机械制造工艺">机械制造工艺;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=ear anthropometry&option=203" rel="nofollow">ear anthropometry;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=ear modeling&option=203" rel="nofollow">ear modeling;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=ergonomic application&option=203" rel="nofollow">ergonomic application;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=industrial design&option=203" rel="nofollow">industrial design;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=systematic review&option=203" rel="nofollow">systematic review;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：耳朵人体测量;耳朵建模;符合人体工程学的应用;工业设计;系统评论; 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href="/patent-detail/06130408980959.html">"HIRE IT" "HIRE IT ANYWHERE" The Application and website is designed to be a search engine and advertisement on a search ALL categories tabs for HIRE services and goods. This website and app is designed specifically for hire. Ads will have to meet certain criteria to advertise for all different categories it will vary. The aim of it is to be simple and easy to use with couple easy steps to search for what you want to hire in your location and with reviews. You can hire anything from any occasion from personal, leisure and business and to suit any functions, occasions or job.</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  AU2017101002A4 </span> <span> . 2017-10-26</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：“ HIRE IT”“ HIRE IT ANYWHERE”该应用程序和网站旨在作为搜索引擎和HIRE服务和商品的“搜索所有类别”选项卡上的广告。该网站和应用程序是专门为租用而设计的。广告必须满足某些条件才能针对不同的所有类别进行广告。它的目标是简单易用，只需几个简单的步骤，即可搜索您想要在您所在位置租用的商品并带有评论。您可以从个人，休闲和商务的任何场合租用任何东西，以适应任何职能，场合或工作。 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130472904866.html">sphere of material of plastic designed in such a way as not to be subject to the effects of the strength of gravita'and designed for various applications in general in the industrial field and thescreening in particular scientific paranormal possibilities of sensiti tks.</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  IT8424004D0 </span> <span> . 1984-12-12</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：塑料球体的设计应使其不受重力的影响，并设计用于一般工业领域中的各种应用，并特别用于筛选敏感的科学超自然现象。 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130403556028.html">Maximyz Tax Return, a smartphone and tablet app designed to including in-app "File upload facility" and "Contact accountant" chat box, that connects Australian tax payers with registered accountants who provide professional accountancy to prepare, review and lodge compliant tax return applications directly to the Australian Tax Office (ATO)</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  AU2018101505A4 </span> <span> . 2018-11-15</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：Maximyz Tax Return，一款智能手机和平板电脑应用程序，旨在包括应用程序内“文件上传功能”和“ Contact Accountant”聊天框，可将澳大利亚纳税人与提供专业会计服务的注册会计师联系起来，以准备，审核和提交符合要求的纳税申报表直接向澳大利亚税务局（ATO） </span> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="theme cardcommon" style="overflow: auto;display:none"> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent55">相关主题</h3> <ul id="subject"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right rightcon"> <div class="details_img cardcommon clearfix" style="margin-bottom: 10px;display:none;" > </div> </div> </div> <div id="thesis_get_original1" class="downloadBth" style="bottom: 19px;z-index: 999;" onclick="ywcd('0704025203404','4',7,2,1,'',this,24)" class="delivery" prompt="010401" title="通过人工服务将文献原文发送至邮箱" >获取原文</div> <div class="journalsub-pop-up" style="display: none"> <div class="journal-sub"> <h2>期刊订阅</h2> <img src="https://cdn.zhangqiaokeyan.com/img/loginclose.png" alt="关闭" onclick="$('.journalsub-pop-up').hide()"> <p class="pardon">抱歉，该期刊暂不可订阅，敬请期待！</p> <p class="current">目前支持订阅全部北京大学中文核心（2020）期刊目录。</p> <div 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