In 2016, the Japanese government drew up the 5th Science and Technology Basic Plan, in which Society 5.0 was advocated as a new society following the hunting, agrarian, industrial, and information societies of the past. The plan predicted the advent of a futuristic society in which the real and virtual worlds are closely integrated. When the plan was published, people were excited to see the dawn of a new AI era; software beating human professional Go players, robots chatting with humans, and autonomous-driving vehicles hitting the roads. Meanwhile, deep learning technology using big data was rapidly evolving through research on AI and machine learning.
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