Neonatal Mortality at the University Hospital of the West Indies Over Six Decades: Trends and Causes

摘要

Aim: To describe the pattern of neonatal mortality at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI) over the past six decades. Methods: Data from previously published studies on neonatal mortality at the UHWI, monthly perinatal statistics (1987, 1996) and the annual perinatal statistics for the UHWI (2005-2010, 2014, 2015) were reviewed to detect trends in neonatal mortality at the UHWI. Descriptive analyses were performed. Results: There has been a decrease in the neonatal mortality from 21.9/1000 live births during the period 1953-1962 to 14.7/1000 live births in 2015. The percentage of total live births represented by neonates weighing between 1001 and 1500 g has doubled between 1976-2015 and tripled for neonates < 1000 g. Neonates < 1500 g accounted for 64% of overall mortality although they represented less than 5% of live births and neonates < 1000 g accounted for 46% of overall mortality although they represented less than 2% of live births. While the contribution of intrapartum anoxia/perinatal asphyxia to mortality has decreased, the contribution of prematurity and the complication of hyaline membrane disease/ respiratory distress syndrome HMD/(RDS) has steadily increased across the decades. Conclusion: There has been a decrease in the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) over the past six decades but further intervention is needed to achieve the "Every Newborn Action Plan " goal of less than ten neonatal deaths per thousand live births at the UHWI.