Exotic properties of materials and the necessity to invoke the dimension of angle (theta) and the orbital degrees of freedom of s electrons

摘要

Currently, many new materials including nanomaterials exhibit exotic properties like, mention a few, unconventional superconductivity, reduced magnetism, reduced Pauli repulsion. These exotic properties could not be explained completely with the existing quantum mechanical theories which did not take into account the dimension of angle. Now, there arises a necessity to invoke the forgotten dimension of angle, for explaining these exotic interesting properties. So far angle is considered as a dimensionless quantity even though its all time partner r is endowed with dimension. In materials, where surface plays a dominant role, this new dimension, of angle becomes an important tool for exploring their morphology and exotic properties. This new dimension of angle restores the orbital degrees of freedom to the s electrons whose orbital degrees of freedom are suppressed (l = 0). It compensates for the missed signature of s electron orbital angular momentum.