Nonlinear Dynamics of Electron Beams with a Virtual Cathode

摘要

The results of the theoretical study of high-current electron beams with a virtual cathode (VC) are reviewed. The classification of VCs and analytical solutions of the VC formation dynamics, as well as the results of self-consistent numerical simulation of the dynamics of beams with VCs, where extraordinary phenomena arise (hysteresis, metastable electrons, squeezed beam states, etc.), are considered. The phenomena detected can be used in microwave oscillator, accelerator, and switching engineering.