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Microbiological Decontamination of Water: Improving the Solar Disinfection Technique (SODIS) with the Use of Nontoxic Vital Dye Methylene Blue

机译:水的微生物净化 - 使用无毒的生命染料亚甲基蓝色改善太阳消毒技术(SODIC)

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摘要

Rational use of water is a major challenge for governments and global organizations, with easy and inexpensive interventions being sought by communities that are not supplied with drinking water. In this context, solar disinfection (SODIS) has shown great efficiency for water disinfection. To speed up the process and improve inactivation, we studied the effects of methylene blue (MB) as a photodynamic agent because of its ability to absorb visible light (red wavelength) and generate singlet oxygen as a reactive species, thereby inactivating bacteria and viruses present in water. In this study, samples of clean mineral water were artificially contaminated with Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis or Deinococcus radiodurans) or with Gram-negative strains (Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium) and exposed to traditional SODIS or to MB-SODIS. A lethal synergistic effect was observed when cultures were illuminated in the presence of MB. The obtained results indicate that bacterial inactivation can be achieved in a much shorter time when using MB associated with SODIS treatment. Therefore, this technique was able to provide safe water for consumption through the inactivation of microorganisms in general, including pathogens and some strains resistant to the traditional SODIS procedure, thus allowing its use in areas usually less exposed to sunlight.
机译:合理使用水是各国政府和全球组织的主要挑战,饮用水的社区被寻求轻松且廉价的干预措施。在这种情况下,太阳消毒(SODIC)对水消毒的效率很大。为了加速过程并改善失活,我们研究了亚甲基蓝(Mb)作为光动力学剂的影响,因为其吸收可见光(红色波长)并产生单线氧作为反应性物质,从而灭活细菌和存在的病毒在水里。在该研究中,清洁矿泉水的样品用革兰氏阳性(葡萄球菌(葡萄球菌或Deinococcus radiodurans)或革兰氏阴性菌株(大肠杆菌或沙门氏菌毒蕈氏菌)的样品污染,并暴露于传统的SODIC或MB-SODIS。当在MB存在下培养物照亮培养物时,观察到致命的协同效应。所获得的结果表明,在使用与SODIS治疗相关的MB时,可以在更短的时间内实现细菌灭活。因此,这种技术能够通过灭活微生物的灭活来提供安全的水,包括病原体和一些耐种传统的SODIS程序的菌株,从而允许其在通常暴露于阳光下的区域中的使用。

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