Abdominal wall defects represent a wide spectrum of congenital anomalies. These can range from lethal limb-body wall syndrome to benign umbilical cord hernias. Gastroschisis and omphalocele are the 2 most common defects and are the focus of this review. Although both of these diseases affect the umbilical area, they differ widely in their underlying pathogenesis, genetics, and associated disorders. Consequently, their management techniques and outcomes are quite different. This article reviews the pathogenesis, genetics, diagnostics, and outcomes for each disease, followed by an in-depth review of recent management updates.
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