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摘要

In 1844, the Irish physician Francis Rynd invented the first recorded subcutaneous syringe to treat neuralgia. His assumption that it was better than traditional methods of oral ingestion were confirmed. Rynd's invention was so effective that it earned him praise from Florence Nightingale, who wrote, "nothing did me any good but a curious little newfangled operation of putting opium under the skin, which relieved one for 24 hours." Despite the success of the syringe, it took a Ion, time for future developments to occur. Nine years later the Scottish physician Alexander Wood, inventor of the hypodermic needle, added a plunger to the device. It was 160 years before the next large shift occurred.