Comparison of a premix of atrazine, bicyclopyrone, mesotrione, and S-metolachlor with other preemergence herbicides for weed control and corn yield in no-tillage and reduced-tillage production systems in Nebraska, USA

摘要

A premix of atrazine, bicyclopyrone, mesotrione, and S-metolachlor (ABMS) has recently been registered for broad-spectrum weed control in corn (Zea mays L.) in the USA. The objectives of this study were to compare the efficacy of ABMS applied preemergence (PRE) with other commonly used PRE herbicides for weed control, corn injury, and yield in no-tillage (no-till) and reduced-tillage (reduced-till) corn production systems, and to determine the biologically effective doses of ABMS for controlling Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) in field conditions. Field experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at South Central Agricultural Laboratory, Clay Center, Nebraska, USA. ABMS applied at the labeled dose (2.89 kg ai ha(-1)) resulted in 92-99% Palmer amaranth control in both tillage systems. A similar level of Palmer amaranth control (86-99%) was observed with mesotrione plus rimsulfuron in the no-till system; however, the control was higher with ABMS than with other premixes in the reduced-till system at 42 days after treatment (DAT) and at harvest. Applications of ABMS at 2.89 kg ai ha(-1) provided 99 and 81% control of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) and foxtail (Setaria spp.), respectively, in the no-till system at 28 DAT, whereas control was &= 93% in the reduced-till system. ABMS applied at 2.89 kg ai ha(-1) resulted in 3% corn injury at 14 DAT regardless of the tillage system, whereas 15% corn injury was observed with acetochlor plus clopyralid plus flumetsulam, and dimethenamid-P plus saflufenacil in the reduced-till. ABMS or mesotrione plus rimsulfuron at labeled doses resulted in 16.0-16.3 t ha(-1) corn yield, comparable to the weed-free control (16.4 t ha(-1)). The biologically effective doses of ABMS to provide 90% control (ED90) of Palmer amaranth at 42 DAT were 2.44 and 2.81 kg ai ha(-1) in no-till and reduced-till systems, respectively. The efficacy of ABMS for broadleaf weed control and early-season grass weed control, and corn yield was the same or sometimes better than most of the PRE herbicides tested in this study; therefore, ABMS can be considered as an additional option for management of problem weeds, including Palmer amaranth in corn in the USA.