COVID-19 international neurological registries

摘要

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has already affected more than 2.7 million people and caused more than 192 000 deaths worldwide. Respiratory symptoms are the most common, and neurogenic breathing failure is suspected to be involved. Symptoms such as anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, and muscle pain have been noted, along with reports of central and peripheral nervous system involvement. Mao and colleagues reported on 214 patients who were admitted to hospital in Wuhan, China, with acute COVID-19. Symptoms were severe in 59% (mean age 58.7 years) of these patients, and non-severe in 41% (mean age 49.9 years). In total, 78 (36%) of 214 patients had neurological compromise, which was more common in severe (46%) than in non-severe (30%) cases and included stroke, impaired consciousness, myop-athy, and neuralgic pain. Viral menin-goencephalitis with presence of SARS-CoV-2 in CSF by viral genome sequencing has been reported in patients in China and Japan. In the USA, a woman aged between 50 and 60 years developed COVID-19 and altered mental status. Brain MRI on this patient showed bilateral haemorrhagic rim-enhancing lesions within thalami, medial temporal lobes, and subinsular regions characteristic of acute haemorrhagic necrotising encephalopathy. This condition also, but rarely, occurs in influenza and other encephalitides in association with cytokine storm syndrome.