Predicted potential occurrence of the North American false truffle Rhizopogon salebrosus in Europe

摘要

Rhizopogon salebrosus is an ectomycorrhizal fungus native to North America and known in Europe. In this study we illustrate the worldwide biogeography of R. salebrosus based on sporocarp and ectomycorrhiza records. MaxEnt modelling was used to assess the distribution of the potential niche of R. salebrosus in Europe, based on climatic variables and the preferences of its ectomycorrhizal partner. At the beginning. R. salebrosus was only recorded in the mountainous regions (Alps and Elbe Mountains). In 2014 this fungus was recorded for the first time in Northern Poland and this is the first record of R. salebrosus in a lowland area. In Europe the most suitable habitats are in the western part of the Iberian Peninsula, British Isles, western edge of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Alps, Balkan and Carpathian Mountains and the Anatolian Peninsula. Considering climatic conditions the most important factor limiting the occurrence of R. salebrosus (with a 31.4% contribution) is precipitation in the coldest quarter. On the other hand, areas where the ectomycorrhizal partners of R. salebrosus occur, should be also considered as potential regions for its expansion in Europe. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd and British Mycological Society. All rights reserved.