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Anaerobic methanotrophic archaea of the ANME-2d clade feature lipid composition that differs from other ANME archaea

机译:Anaerobic甲虫营养古代ANME-2D思工型古代植物特征来自其他ANME Archaea的脂质组合物

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The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is a microbial process present in marine and freshwater environments. AOM is important for reducing the emission of the second most important greenhouse gas methane. In marine environments anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) are involved in sulfate-reducing AOM. In contrast, Ca. Methanoperedens of the ANME-2d cluster carries out nitrate AOM in freshwater ecosystems. Despite the importance of those organisms for AOM in non-marine environments little is known about their lipid composition or carbon sources. To close this gap, we analysed the lipid composition of ANME-2d archaea and found that they mainly synthesise archaeol and hydroxyarchaeol as well as different (hydroxy-) glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers, albeit in much lower amounts. Abundant lipid headgroups were dihexose, monomethyl-phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl hexose. Moreover, a monopentose was detected as a lipid headgroup that is rare among microorganisms. Batch incubations with C-13 labelled bicarbonate and methane showed that methane is the main carbon source of ANME-2d archaea varying from ANME-1 archaea that primarily assimilate dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). ANME-2d archaea also assimilate DIC, but to a lower extent than methane. The lipid characterisation and analysis of the carbon source of Ca. Methanoperedens facilitates distinction between ANME-2d and other ANMEs.
机译:甲烷(AOM)的厌氧氧化是在海洋和淡水环境中存在的微生物过程。 AOM对于减少第二个最重要的温室气体甲烷的排放是重要的。在海洋环境中,Anaerobic甲虫萎缩古痤疮(ANME)参与硫酸盐降低的AOM。相比之下,加利福尼亚州。 ANME-2D簇的甲烷丙醇植物在淡水生态系统中进行硝酸盐AOM。尽管在非海洋环境中对那些AOM的生物体的重要性几乎是关于它们的脂质组合物或碳源的知名。为了缩短这种差距,我们分析了Anme-2d古痤疮的脂质组合物,发现它们主要合成古醇和羟基archaeol以及不同(羟基)甘油二烷基甘油四甲醚,尽管较低的量。丰富的脂质头组是二异己,单甲基磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰己糖。此外,将单瓣作为微生物中稀有的脂质标题被检测为脂质标题。与C-13标记的碳酸氢盐和甲烷的分批孵育表明,甲烷是从ANME-1古亚亚氏酸的ANME-2D Archaea的主要碳源,主要是同化溶解的无机碳(DIC)。 ANME-2D Archaea也同化DIC,但在较低的程度上比甲烷更低。 CA碳源的脂质表征及分析。 Methanopeedens促进了ANME-2D和其他ANMES之间的区别。

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