Regenerating β cells of the pancreas - Potential developments in diabetes treatment

摘要

Introduction: The etiology of diabetes is mainly attributed to insulin deficiency due to the lack of ?cells (type 1), or to insulin resistance that eventually results in ?cell dysfunction (type 2). Therefore, an ultimate cure for diabetes requires the ability to replace the lost insulin-secreting ?cells. Strategies for regenerating ?cells are under extensive investigation. Areas covered: Herein, the authors first summarize the mechanisms underlying embryonic ?cell development and spontaneous adult ?cell regeneration, which forms the basis for developing ?cell regeneration strategies. Then the rationale and progress of each ?cell regeneration strategy is reviewed. Current ?cell regeneration strategies can be classified into two main categories: in vitro ?cell regeneration using pluripotent stem cells and in vivo reprogramming of non-?cells into ?cells. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Expert opinion: Regenerating ?cells has shown its potential as a cure for the treatment of insulindeficient diabetes. Much progress has been made, and ?cell regeneration therapy is getting closer to a clinical reality. Nevertheless, more hurdles need to be overcome before any of the strategies suggested can be fully translated from bench to bedside.