What animals do not do or fail to find: A novel observational approach for studying cognition in the wild

Janmaat Karline R. L.

摘要

Abstract > To understand how our brain evolved and what it is for, we are in urgent need of knowledge about the cognitive skills of a large variety of animal species and individuals, and their relationships to rapidly disappearing social and ecological conditions. But how do we obtain this knowledge? Studying cognition in the wild is a challenge. Field researchers (and their study subjects) face many factors that can easily interfere with their variables of interest. Although field studies of cognition present unique challenges, they are still invaluable for understanding the evolutionary drivers of cognition. In this review, I discuss the advantages and urgency of field‐based studies on animal cognition and introduce a novel observational approach for field research that is guided by three questions: (a) what do animals fail to find? , (b) what do they not do? , and (c) what do they only do when certain conditions are met? My goal is to provide guidance to future field researchers examining primate cognition. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> > 要了解我们的大脑如何发展以及它是如何，我们迫切需要了解大量动物物种和个人的认知技能的知识，以及他们与迅速消失的社会和生态条件的关系。但我们如何获得这种知识？在野外学习认知是一项挑战。实地研究人员（他们的学习科目）面临许多因素，这很容易干扰其感兴趣的变量。尽管对认知的现场研究具有独特的挑战，但它们仍然非常宝贵，以了解进化的认知驱动因素。在这篇综述中，我探讨了基于现场的动物认知研究的优缺点，并引入了一种新的田间研究观察方法，以指导三个问题：（a）动物无法找到什么？</ i> ，（b）他们不做什么？</ i> ，和（c）在满足某些条件时，它们只会做什么？</ i> 我的目标是为审查灵长类动物认知的未来实地研究人员提供指导。 </ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" > 著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-23061/'>《Evolutionary anthropology: issues, news, and reviews 》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2019年第6期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b> <span>共18页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Janmaat Karline R. L.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Janmaat Karline R. L.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyLeipzig Germany;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span> <a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/187.html" title="人类学">人类学 ;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=animal cognition&option=203" rel="nofollow">animal cognition;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=brain evolution&option=203" rel="nofollow">brain evolution;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=chimpanzees&option=203" rel="nofollow">chimpanzees;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=field‐based studies&option=203" rel="nofollow">field‐based studies;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=foraging behavior&option=203" rel="nofollow">foraging behavior;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=fruit&option=203" rel="nofollow">fruit;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=observational approach&option=203" rel="nofollow">observational approach;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=rainforest&option=203" rel="nofollow">rainforest;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：动物认知;脑进化;黑猩猩;基于现场的研究;觅食行为;水果;观察方法;雨林; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704023287305.html">What animals do not do or fail to find: A novel observational approach for studying cognition in the wild</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Janmaat Karline R. 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