HbS/β+ thalassemia: Really a mild disease? A National survey from the AIEOP Sickle Cell Disease Study Group with genotype‐phenotype correlation

摘要

Abstract Objectives HbS/β+ patients’ presence in Italy increased due to immigration; these patients are clinically heterogeneous, and specific guidelines are lacking. Our aim is to describe a cohort of HbS/β+ patients, with genotype‐phenotype correlation, in order to offer guidance for clinical management of such patients. Methods Retrospective cohort study of HbS/β+ patients among 15 AIEOP Centres. Results A total of 41 molecularly confirmed S/β+ patients were enrolled (1‐55?years, median 10.9) and classified on β+ mutation: IVS‐I‐110, IVS‐I‐6, promoter, and “others.” Prediagnostic events included VOC 16/41 (39%), ACS 6/41 (14.6%), sepsis 3/41 (3.7%), and avascular necrosis 3/41 (7,3%). Postdiagnostic events were VOC 22/41 (53.6% %), sepsis 4/41 (9.7%), ACS 4/41 (9.7%), avascular necrosis 3/41 (7.3%), aplastic crisis 2/41 (4.8%), stroke 1/41 (2.4%), ACS 1/41 (2.4%), and skin ulcerations 1/41 (2.4%). The IVS‐I‐110 group presented the lowest median age at first SCD‐related event ( P ?=?.02 vs promoter group) and the higher median number of severe events/year (0.26 events/patient/year) ( P ?=?.01 vs IVS‐I‐6 and promoter groups). Promoter group presented a specific skeletal phenotype. Treatment regimen applied was variable among the centers. Conclusions HbS/β+ is not always a mild disease. Patients with IVS‐I‐110 mutation could benefit from a standard of care like SS and S/β° patients. Standardization of treatment is needed.