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Mini‐review: Phytoplankton‐derived polysaccharides in the marine environment and their interactions with heterotrophic bacteria

机译：迷你评价：植物环境中的浮游植物衍生的多糖及其与异养细菌的相互作用

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Summary >Within the wealth of molecules constituting marine dissolved organic matter, carbohydrates make up the largest coherent and quantifiable fraction. Their main sources are from primary producers, which release large amounts of photosynthetic products – mainly polysaccharides – directly into the surrounding water via passive and active exudation. The organic carbon and other nutrients derived from these photosynthates enrich the ‘phycosphere’ and attract heterotrophic bacteria. The rapid uptake and remineralization of dissolved free monosaccharides by heterotrophic bacteria account for the barely detectable levels of these compounds. By contrast, dissolved combined polysaccharides can reach high concentrations, especially during phytoplankton blooms. Polysaccharides are too large to be taken up directly by heterotrophic bacteria, instead requiring hydrolytic cleavage to smaller oligo‐ or monomers by bacteria with a suitable set of exoenzymes. The release of diverse polysaccharides by various phytoplankton taxa is generally interpreted as the deposition of excess organic material. However, these molecules likely also fulfil distinct, yet not fully understood functions, as inferred from their active modulation in terms of quality and quantity when phytoplankton becomes nutrient limited or is exposed to heterotrophic bacteria. This minireview summarizes current knowledge regarding the exudation and composition of phytoplankton‐derived exopolysaccharides and acquisition of these compounds by heterotrophic bacteria. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract XMLNS =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <title type =“main”>摘要</ title> >碳水化合物构成海洋溶解有机物质的财富分子，构成了最大的相干和可量化的级分。他们的主要来源来自初级生产商，释放大量光合产物 - 主要是多糖 - 直接通过被动和主动渗出到周围的水中。源自这些光合酯的有机碳和其他营养素丰富了“植晶层”并吸引异养细菌。异养细菌的溶解游离单糖的快速摄取和再矿化算用于这些化合物的几乎可检测水平。相比之下，溶解的组合多糖可以达到高浓度，特别是在浮游植物绽放期间。多糖太大而无法通过异养细菌直接占用，而是通过细菌用具有合适的脱氮的细菌来水解切割至较小的低聚或单体。各种浮游植物分类群的多种多糖的释放通常被解释为过量有机材料的沉积。然而，这些分子可能还符合不同但未完全理解的功能，从它们在质量和数量方面推断，当浮游植物变为营养有限或暴露于异养细菌时。该米希望总结了关于浮游植物衍生的泛硫化物的渗出和组成的目前的知识，并通过异养菌细菌获取这些化合物。</ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-22868/'>《Environmental microbiology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第8期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共15页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Mühlenbruch Marco&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Mühlenbruch Marco;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Grossart Hans‐Peter&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Grossart Hans‐Peter;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Eigemann Falk&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Eigemann Falk;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Voss Maren&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Voss Maren;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Leibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemündeRostock Germany;</p> <p>Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesNeuglobsow Germany;</p> <p>Leibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemündeRostock Germany;</p> <p>Leibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemündeRostock Germany;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/183.html" title="微生物学">微生物学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704023228803.html">Mini‐review: Phytoplankton‐derived polysaccharides in the marine environment and their interactions with heterotrophic bacteria</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Mühlenbruch Marco&option=202" 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