Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus) Movements Following Tagging in the Delaware Inland Bays, USA

摘要

The Delaware Bay region is the epicenter of horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, activity, and despite the ecological and commercial importance of this species, few studies have examined the long-term movements of horseshoe crabs in this area and the amount of mixing that takes place between smaller coastal embayments within the region and the Delaware Bay proper, factors that are critical to effective management. To better understand these factors, 5568 crabs were tagged in the Delaware Inland Bays as part of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (USFWS) Cooperative Horseshoe Crab Tagging Program in 2002-2016. A high re-sight rate of 20.1% (1123 crabs) was reported to the USFWS. Re-sights suggest that the Delaware Bay population is distributed between coastal New Jersey (south of Barnegat Bay) and coastal Virginia (north of Chincoteague Inlet). There were 90 re-sights in the Inland Bays and 148 re-sights in Delaware Bay, with 320days or more between tagging and re-sight, showing that substantial interchange between successive spawning seasons occurs. Distance analyses demonstrated that crabs can move between the Inland Bays and other Delaware Bay region waterbodies within a single year. The findings of this study support the current management strategy of splitting the harvest of Delaware Bay crabs between New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia and also demonstrate that the waterbodies within the Delaware Bay region are highly connected. This connectivity supports protecting spawning habitat within the smaller embayments of the Delaware Bay region and including spawning surveys from these systems in future stock assessments.