Despite starring roles at the seashore, sand and water seldom take center stage - except in today's shale plays. Thanks to extended lateral drilling and enhanced, multi-stage fracturing, it can seem like well completions are nearly equal parts sand, water and pipe. Water and sand play, no doubt, major roles in developing shale resources - period. And cost associated with handling, treating and disposing produced water contributes greatly to LOE (lease operating expenses) for nearly every Permian producer.
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