Novel contrast mixture achieves contrast resolution of human bladder wall suitable for T1 mapping: applications in interstitial cystitis and beyond

摘要

Abstract Purpose Instillation of novel contrast mixture (NCM) was recently shown to improve the contrast resolution of rat bladder wall with high contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Here, the clinical safety and the feasibility of NCM-enhanced MRI to achieve artifact-free visualization of human bladder wall suitable for quantitative measurement of the magnetic resonance (MR) longitudinal relaxation time (T1) was assessed. Methods Six female subjects [two controls and two with Hunner-type interstitial cystitis IC?and two with non-Hunner-type IC] consented for MRI at 3?T before and after instillation of NCM [4?mM gadobutrol and 5?mM ferumoxytol in 50?mL of sterile water for injection]. Single breath-hold fast MR acquisition in large readout bandwidth for 5-mm-thick single slice with variable flip angle was applied to minimize the motion and chemical shift artifacts in measurements of bladder wall thickness (BWT), CNR and T1 from 20 pixels. Results NCM instillation in subjects did not evoke pain or discomfort. Fourfold increase in bladder wall CNR (* p ? p ? p ? Conclusion Findings demonstrate the safety and feasibility of NCM-enhanced MRI to achieve artifact-free differential contrast and spatial resolution of human bladder wall, which is suitable for measuring BWT and pixel-wise measurement of T1 in post-contrast setting.